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May 03, 2023Acute abdomen: causes, exploratory laparotomy, therapies
The causes can be different and more or less serious.
In some cases, the underlying disease that causes an acute abdomen is very serious, such as to require or suggest surgical treatment, in the absence of which the patient could even die.
Depending on the cause, the symptoms and signs associated with acute abdomen can be different, but generally consist of:
Diagnostic tests include blood and urine tests; blood tests; radiographs, including supine and standing views; IV urography; ultrasound; CT and arteriography.
Each test has specific indications based on the type of disease present.
However, the most important diagnostic measure in patients with severe abdominal pain is often prompt exploratory laparotomy.
Prompt exploratory laparotomy is indicated in case of:
In the case of an acute abdomen, the fundamental therapeutic choice is between surgical therapy and conservative therapy.
Each acute abdomen has its own characteristics and the treatment is designed according to the underlying cause
In the most severe cases, the timing of the surgery is a decisive factor for the survival of the patient.
The observation of the patient, the diagnostic hypothesis, the instrumental verification tests, the control of the vital parameters and the possible correction of the parameters, must take place simultaneously.
In some cases, the operation can be performed with deferred urgency, preceded by a more detailed diagnostic picture and possible attempts at conservative resolution.
For patient hydration: continuous infusion; glucose solution 10% 1000 ml/day; polysaline solution 1000-1500 ml/day. For antibiotic coverage: Plander 500 ml in drip; Ciproxin 200 mg i.v. every 12 hours.
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Medicina Online
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